{"id":10567,"date":"2025-04-23T17:28:59","date_gmt":"2025-04-23T21:28:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/lerrn\/?p=10567"},"modified":"2026-04-07T10:26:28","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T14:26:28","slug":"blog-post-gender-equality-more-than-just-a-womens-issue","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/lerrn\/2025\/blog-post-gender-equality-more-than-just-a-womens-issue\/","title":{"rendered":"Blog Post: Gender equality \u2013 More than just a women\u2019s issue"},"content":{"rendered":"

by\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Lavender Mboya<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

“These displacements have made the people very vulnerable and especially the men, our most vulnerable people, although when you go to the organization for help they say no, we don\u2019t help men we only help women and ladies, but I’m telling you, our men have become very vulnerable and this has led to GBV in their homes, because now it is the woman who goes out and comes back with food, it\u2019s now the woman who is working and has taken the traditional role of providing for the family, which was a man\u2019s role.” – <\/em>A quote from a female refugee leader<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Displacement in the East African region refers to forced movement of individuals or communities from their homes due to conflict, persecution, natural disasters, climate change, or economic instability. This displacement can be internal (within a country) or across borders (as refugees).<\/p>\n

Refugees in Kenya are mostly from Somalia, South Sudan, Democratic Republic of Congo and Ethiopia, communities that have deeply rooted patriarchal systems, as is still much of the region.<\/p>\n

Gender dynamics significantly impact refugee leadership in Kenya, both in the camps and in urban areas. These dynamics, influence who leads, how leadership is perceived, and what barriers or opportunities exist for inclusive governance within refugee communities. Therefore, understanding and addressing gender disparities is imperative for advancing equitable participation and effective community representation. Leadership structures in refugee camps and urban settlements are often male dominated, and this extends to refuge-led organizations or camp committees, where women are often given secondary roles, such as secretarial duties rather than being included in the decision-making processes. It is no wonder that gender equality<\/a> programmes have over focused on empowering women, yet, this is causing an imbalance where the development of men and boys is concerned.<\/p>\n

Historically, in many societies, women were denied access to formal jobs, land ownership, and were often restricted to domestic roles. Patriarchal systems reinforced male dominance in politics, economy, and social structures, whereas women had limited legal rights and were often seen as dependents of men. In many cultures around the world, women mostly gained voting rights in the 20th<\/sup> century and presently many societies still lack gender- inclusive policies in governance and economy.<\/p>\n

These injustices and discrimination over the years gave rise to feminist advocacy movements that led to the Beijing declaration<\/a> in 1995, which was a turning point for women\u2019s rights worldwide, where countries committed to eliminating gender-based discrimination and promoting equality. The UN SDG 5<\/a> also aims to achieve \u2018gender equality\u2019 and empower all women and girls.<\/p>\n

In a recent study conducted by LERRN<\/a>, findings from refugee leaders in Nairobi suggest that gender-focused programming, while crucial, can unintentionally neglect the unique challenges faced by men and boys, particularly in contexts where access to education, employment, and leadership is already constrained. This perceived imbalance can foster resentment, social tension, and even backlash against women\u2019s gains. Gender equality should not be seen as a zero-sum game. A more inclusive and equitable approach requires designing programs that respond to the needs of all genders, ensuring that empowerment<\/a> initiatives are seen as collective gains rather than individual privileges. When both women and men are supported to lead, contribute, and access opportunities, refugee communities are most likely to thrive, with leadership that is representative, collaborative, and sustainable.<\/p>\n

In refugee camps, leadership structures often replicate patriarchal norms, with men dominating formal leadership roles whereas in urban settings, informal leadership spaces offer opportunities for women, yet these roles often lack institutional recognition or support. In resource scarce settings, the perception that women\u2019s empowerment equals men\u2019s disempowerment can emerge \u2013 not out of resistance to women\u2019s rights, but from feelings of exclusion. This reinforces gender inequality by shifting resentment, not toward the systems that marginalize everyone, but toward the gender that appears to be gaining recognition.<\/p>\n

“Jack is a young man who is able to articulate what he does in his community. Jill is not doing the same thing that Jack is doing. But imagine if Jill was doing the same, articulating what she has been doing for all those three decades, and shining the same light to what other women are doing. I think for women, they take what they do very lightly, and they don’t voice it out. They don’t show you; they don’t document it. Because they feel like, \u201cwe’re just helping our people.\u201d –\u00a0 A q<\/em>uote by female refugee leader<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

** Jack and Jill not real names of leaders. Names changed to protect leaders. **<\/em><\/p>\n

Women empowerment<\/a> is a lauded move but not at the expense of men and boys, as this creates an imbalanced society, while contradicting the term \u2018gender equality<\/a>\u2019. Some men perceive women\u2019s empowerment as a threat rather than a solution which can lead to increased gender-based violence, broken families, and resistance to gender policies. Refugee men and boys who feel economically and socially powerless are prone to depression, alcoholism, and substance abuse and suicide due to lack of purpose. Excluding men from economic and leadership opportunities, leads to family breakdowns because men feeling disempowered and women end up carrying double burdens i.e., working and handling family responsibilities. As traditional male roles shift, men need new identities based on respect, partnership and shared responsibilities. Without guidance, some men turn to aggression, hyper-masculinity, or social withdrawal. When refugee males, especially youth or marginalized sub-groups face barriers to employment, education, and leadership without targeted support, it creates a gap in programming. This absence may lead to social tensions, identity crises, and backlash that hinder the progress of women empowerment efforts.<\/p>\n

“Women are already leaders in their community but they are humble\/modest about it. I come from a community where men have been weakened because women have been empowered by most of the organizations, many of the project initiatives support mostly women and not men.”\u00a0 – <\/em>A quote by male refugee leader<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Women empowerment is essential, but excluding men is creating new complications and while the solution is not to stop empowering women and girls but men and boys should be included in the conversation, to ensure that both genders thrive together and not one, at the expense of the other. Addressing gender dynamics in refugee leadership is critical to achieving inclusive and equitable governance in both camp and urban setting in Kenya. Strategic investment, policy reform, and community engagement can foster an environment where all refugees, regardless of gender, can lead and participate meaningfully in shaping their future for a thriving and well-functioning posterity.<\/p>\n

ABOUT THE AUTHOR:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lavender Mboya<\/a> brings to the East Africa Research Team<\/a> over eight years of experience in project administration, coordination, and research, with a focus on migration. In her previous work, as a research team leader within a regional consortium, she led studies examining the dynamics, drivers, and implications of mobility, migration, and displacement across the Horn of Africa. She holds a Bachelor\u2019s degree in International Studies from The Open University, United Kingdom.<\/p>\n

ABOUT THE STUDY:<\/strong><\/p>\n

To learn more about the study results, please visit: https:\/\/carleton.ca\/lerrn\/refugee-leadership-in-south-america-and-east-africa\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

by\u00a0Lavender Mboya “These displacements have made the people very vulnerable and especially the men, our most vulnerable people, although when you go to the organization for help they say no, we don\u2019t help men we only help women and ladies, but I’m telling you, our men have become very vulnerable and this has led to 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