{"id":337,"date":"2026-01-14T12:19:58","date_gmt":"2026-01-14T17:19:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/mining\/?p=337"},"modified":"2026-01-15T18:47:14","modified_gmt":"2026-01-15T23:47:14","slug":"ugandas-youth-struggle-for-freedom-and-democracy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/mining\/2026\/ugandas-youth-struggle-for-freedom-and-democracy\/","title":{"rendered":"Uganda\u2019s youth struggle for freedom and democracy"},"content":{"rendered":"

Today,\u00a0 January 16, <\/span>2026<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Uganda<\/span>ns<\/span> are electing a president and parliamentarians<\/span>. <\/span><\/span>For\u00a0<\/span>forty years the country\u00a0<\/span>has been ruled by President Museveni, his\u00a0<\/span>family<\/span> and cronies<\/span>\u00a0many of whom originate from the same ethnic\u00a0<\/span><\/span>group<\/span><\/span><\/a>.\u00a0<\/span>Uganda ha<\/span>s<\/span>\u00a0gradually transitioned from<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u2018becoming a democratic state to an autocratic government.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>The\u00a0<\/span>Museveni\u00a0<\/span>government\u00a0<\/span>has used hard and soft forms of repression to s<\/span>uffocate dissent<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The young people\u2019 , \u00a0<\/span><\/span>many of whom are under\u00a0<\/span>the<\/span>\u00a0age\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of 30<\/span><\/span><\/a> and <\/span>have<\/span>\u00a0known only\u00a0<\/span>Museveni as president. U<\/span><\/span>nder the leadership of Robert Kyagulanyi (<\/span><\/span>a<\/span>ka<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Bobi Wine) Ugandans, and especially the youth are struggling for freedom and <\/span>democracy and<\/span>\u00a0are the targets of\u00a0<\/span>increased\u00a0<\/span>state repression.\u00a0 To prevent Uganda and the entire Africa\u2019s Great Lakes Region from sinking into increased violence, human rights violations<\/span>,\u00a0<\/span>influx<\/span>\u00a0of refugees<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0and\u00a0<\/span>mass\u00a0<\/span>killings<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>it is important to support the young people\u2019s struggle.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"MayA man with the Uganda flag going though tear gas<\/p>\n

President Museveni\u2019s rule<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

During his\u00a0inauguration in 1986,\u00a0Museveni\u00a0asserted that it was a \u201cfundamental change\u201d for the\u00a0country and \u201cAny individual, any group or person who threatens the security of our people must be smashed without mercy. The people of Uganda should only die from natural causes\u2026 but not\u00a0from fellow human\u00a0<\/span>beings<\/span><\/a>.\u201d<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In the same speech, he castigated African leaders who\u00a0fail to\u00a0uplift their people from poverty.\u00a0\u201cHis excellence is going to the United Nations\u2026\u00a0and he is there for meetings\u201d when his people\u00a0have no shoes,\u00a0health care,\u00a0food\u00a0and other basic needs.\u00a0He\u00a0has\u00a0written\u00a0books:\u00a0<\/span>What is Africa\u2019s problem<\/span><\/i>? (2002) and his answer is \u2018leaders who overstay in power and propagate evils including corruption, human rights violations and destruction of the environment. He criticized his predecessors as dictators who failed to serve people, enriching themselves while the population remains impoverished. His second book: <\/span>Sowing the Mustard Seed<\/span><\/i>\u00a0 (1997) is about Uganda\u2019s struggle for freedom and democracy. However, gradually President Museveni became the autocratic ruler he had condemned when first elected.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/span>To sustain himself in power, the regime has deployed various forms of\u00a0 political repression and human rights violations,<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Authoritarianism and vote<\/span><\/em> rigging<\/em>. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Authoritarianism is reinforced by\u00a0<\/span>personal\/family\u00a0<\/span>control of institutions particularly the military, police, the\u00a0<\/span>judiciary,<\/span> the legislature and the electoral commission. Museveni has\u00a0rigged votes<\/a> in every political election, using tacts such as ballot staffing<\/a>, killing and kidnapping of opposition polling agents.\u00a0 This year, the electoral\u00a0 imported electronic\/biometric voting machines but never educated the population on how to use them.\u00a0 On many polling stations, the machines failed to work,\u00a0 to the extent that even President Museveni was unable to use the machines.<\/a>\u00a0 Authoritarianism is reinforced by institutional control by the president,\u00a0 his family and members from his ethnic group. <\/span><\/span>Institutions are headed and monopolized by people from the president’s ethnic group even when they lack the necessary qualifications. <\/span><\/a>The President\u2019s son <\/span>Muhozi<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Kainerugaba<\/span>\u00a0is\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0Uganda\u2019s Chief of Defence forces (<\/span>CDF)<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The first lady is the minister of education, a member of parliament and was the minister of Karamoja<\/span>, although<\/span>\u00a0she is not a Karamojong. This means she received three salaries<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>\u00a0S<\/span>everal times,<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Museveni\u00a0<\/span>has asserted that he is<\/span>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span><\/span>freedom fighter<\/span>,<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span>working for<\/span>\u00a0higher authorities<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0himself,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>children<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<\/span><\/span>grandchildren<\/span><\/span><\/a>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Corruption and control of national wealth<\/em>:<\/strong> He refers to national natural resources such as oil\u00a0estimated at\u00a06.65\u00a0billion barrels<\/span><\/a>\u00a0as \u201cmy oil<\/span><\/a>\u201d. In fact, revenues from oil, gold, and other natural resources never feature\u00a0in the national budget.\u00a0 Land, especially where it is fertile and suitable for cultivation, or rich with natural resources (e.g. minerals, metal and oil), locations for business and cattle grazing has been grabbed from Ugandans and is in the hands of people from the president’s family,\u00a0 ethnic group, prominent government officials and business people working for the first family. The<\/span>\u00a0president, his\u00a0<\/span>family<\/span>\u00a0and his cronies\u00a0<\/span>in power<\/span>\u00a0have amassed wealth through corruptio<\/span>n.\u00a0<\/span>P<\/span>resident Museveni\u2019s manifesto is\u00a0<\/span>now\u00a0<\/span>about\u00a0<\/span><\/span>protect<\/span>ing their<\/span>\u00a0gains<\/span><\/span><\/a>.\u00a0<\/span>The UK government sanctioned Uganda official<\/span>\u00a0including the Speaker of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>parliament<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>for corruption<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0and the U.S.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>did the same<\/span><\/span><\/a>. However, the majority of<\/span> the population languish in poverty,\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>During political campaigns, their<\/span>\u00a0poverty is used to\u00a0<\/span>bribe them\u00a0<\/span>with cash,\u00a0<\/span>food<\/span>\u00a0and\u00a0<\/span>T-shirts<\/span>\u00a0to\u00a0<\/span><\/span>elect\u00a0<\/span>the president<\/span><\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Poverty and unemployment:\u00a0 Uganda has one of the youngest populations in the world<\/a>. <\/em>As of June 2025, Uganda ranked 157th out of 193 countries<\/a>\u00a0on a UN global development index. This index measures standards of living. Children still\u00a0study under trees<\/a>\u00a0and hospitals are\u00a0dilapidated<\/a>. According to the World Bank, nearly\u00a060%<\/a> of the population lives on less than US$3 a day. Unemployment is\u00a0 between 64 % and 70%.<\/a>\u00a0 Many youth the majority with university degrees ride motor cycles, locally known as Boda Boda<\/a> and pay\u00a0 huge taxes<\/a> to the Uganda revenue agency.<\/p>\n

Human rights violations<\/em>:\u00a0 human rights abuses <\/a>are rampant in Uganda and perpetrators going unpunished. Supporters of Bobi Wine have faced<\/a> beatings, torture, arrests, disappearances, imprisonment, trials in military courts and extrajudicial killings. Kenyan activists who were kidnapped while attending Bobi Wine’s campaign narrated the ordeal political opponents face in torture chambers<\/a> commonly known as safe houses. Museveni refers to torture chambers as ‘cold rooms<\/a>.’\u00a0 Bodies of some victims have been found thrown in different places. It is also alleged that some people are buried in mass graves at night and others are thrown to crocodiles.\u00a0 In 2020, security forces killed dozens of opposition supporters<\/a>. Bobi Wine himself has\u00a0survived<\/a>\u00a0several assassination attempts. His campaigns are\u00a0frequently blocked<\/a>. He has been pepper sprayed<\/span><\/span><\/a>, tear-gassed<\/a>, beaten, shot at\u00a0 and prevented from accessing\u00a0<\/span><\/span>hotels to sleep. <\/span><\/span><\/a>. While the police and military\u00a0<\/span>brutalizes<\/span>\u00a0civilians, the government is\u00a0<\/span>banning streaming of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>such brutality<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Digital repression.<\/em> On the eve of the election day, the government suspended<\/a>\u00a0internet access, and\u00a0blocked platforms<\/a>\u00a0to prevent citizens from sharing evidence of state violence. This digital clampdown is a central tool of\u00a0political control<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Bobi Wine\u2019s\u00a0<\/span>D<\/span>efiance and\u00a0<\/span>L<\/span>eadership\u00a0<\/span>in<\/span>\u00a0the\u00a0<\/span>struggle for democracy\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bobi<\/span>\u00a0Wine<\/span>, famously known as the\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u201cpeople\u2019s president\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span>to restore Ugand<\/span>a<\/span>\u00a0to its original glory as the Pearl of Africa.\u00a0<\/span>He is promising to restore democracy, constitutionalism<\/span>,\u00a0<\/span>justice,\u00a0<\/span>and\u00a0<\/span><\/span>civilian<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0rule<\/span>. He recently contributed to the Playbook for\u00a0<\/span><\/span>African Democrats<\/span><\/span><\/a>. He avowed to end corruption,\u00a0<\/span>unify\u00a0 and<\/span>\u00a0heal the country, ensure equal access to public services, create jobs, provide quality\u00a0<\/span>education\u00a0 and<\/span>\u00a0restore respect for human rights and the\u00a0<\/span><\/span>rule of law<\/span><\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span> At the risk of his life, Bobi has campaigned throughout the country for more than 100 days. As people headed to the votes, he encouraged Ugandans not to be afraid. On his facebook page<\/a> he wrote: “The world needs to know what is happening in Uganda on election day. Internet switched off. Massive ballot stuffing reported everywhere. Our leaders, including Deputy President for Western Region, arrested. Many of our polling agents and supervisors abducted, and others chased off polling stations. BVVK machines have failed everywhere. The PEOPLE OF UGANDA MUST RISE TO THE OCCASION AND REJECT THE CRIMINAL REGIME. THE WORLD MUST NEVER GIVE ANY LEGITIMACY TO THE REGIME OF BLOOD AND SHAME.”\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Opposition<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Bobi Wine casting his vote \/Getty Images<\/p>\n

After casting his vote, The military and police have surrounded the residence of Bobi Wine, effectively placing him and his wife under house arrest. Security officers have unlawfully jumped over the perimeter fence and are now erecting tents within his compound. <\/a><\/p>\n

Why Uganda calls for urgent response<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

On January 14, the\u00a0 African union observation mission<\/a>\u00a0 and the Eastern Africa Standby Force<\/a> met with Bobi wine.\u00a0 Bobi Wine encouraged the officers not to be compromised by the state.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

It remains crucial to stop a possible genocide and other forms of mass killings.\u00a0 Museveni\u2019s son who is the military chief of staff tweeted about <\/span>beheading Bobi Wine<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0Bobi Wine has repeatedly said \u201cWe have\u00a0reliable information that the regime in Uganda\u00a0is planning a massacre. They are planning to provoke people into an uprising so they\u00a0can\u00a0justify\u00a0massacres of\u00a0people to send a chill\u00a0<\/span>across the country<\/span><\/a>. Several times, during the campaign Bobi appealed to the international community to take interest in the potential massacre in Uganda and prevent it. E<\/span>thnic and regional tensions are rising<\/a>. Museveni has said every soldier will have\u00a0120 bullets<\/a> to silence protesters .<\/p>\n

Africa’s Great Lakes region (Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi and the DR Congo)\u00a0 has experienced cycles of violence dating back to the 1980s. Museveni\u2019s bush war (1980-1986)<\/a>\u00a0was followed by the\u00a01994 Rwanda genocide<\/a>. President Paul Kagame of Rwanda was the chief of military intelligence in Uganda. It was from Uganda that the Rwanda Patriotic Army (RPA) organized and invaded Rwanda (1990-1994). Thus, there is a strong connection between the two countries. In 1996, Uganda and Rwanda invaded the DR Congo<\/a>, triggering a wave of violence that persists to date. The violence is heightened by Museveni\u2019s\u00a0militarisation<\/a> of the DRC and, his<\/a> and that of president Kagame\u2019s support<\/a> for militias, especially the March 23 Movement<\/a> (M23).It is alleged that the\u00a0M23<\/span> are in Uganda<\/span> and are employed by<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the government<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

T<\/span>he regime\u2019s violence and human rights violations <\/span>must be addressed. <\/span>The violence that ensued in 202<\/span>1 is a hint to what might happen during the post election period<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span> Ugandans are worried that if the regime returned into power, political opponent and areas that have not voted for the president will experience increased repression. Perpetrators of violence and human rights violations must be prosecuted.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T<\/span>he\u00a0<\/span>Great Lakes R<\/span>egion is on\u00a0<\/span>fire<\/span> and it is going to get more repressive, especially if\u00a0 Uganda experiences post election violence or if there will be no regime change . <\/span>Uganda\u2019s neighbours, Tanzania which has been the oasis of peace in the region, has experienced police, <\/span><\/span>military<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0and allegedly\u00a0<\/span><\/span>mercenaries<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span>assassination in the post election period . <\/span>In 2007, Keny<\/span>a<\/span>\u00a0experienced\u00a0<\/span>p<\/span>ost election<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>v<\/span>iolence<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>and the healing process is far from being achieved<\/span>.\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>\u00a0Kenya\u2019s young people continue to protests against government corruption and police brutality<\/a> and have been met with violence and abductions<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

The struggle for democracy and freedom led by Bobi is an example of how young people across Africa are longing for leaders to build democratic states in line with national, human, and resource potential. If Uganda succeeds, it will not only emancipate Ugandan, it will contribute to peace, security and development in Africa\u2019s Great Lakes region. Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi\u00a0 have\u00a0 experienced violence like no other part of Africa. For the West, building democratic states in Africa is one way of stopping the influx of migration to their countries and to archive global developmental strategies such as the sustainable development goals, peace and security. Democracy has long been regarded as\u202fthe political system that <\/span>transformed the world.<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Today, we urgently need healthy democracies to resolve domestic and global issues, (e.g\u00a0wars, poverty, food\u00a0insecurity\u00a0and climate change) and to realize the Sustainable development goals.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Possible interventions\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bobi Wine has continuously called and mobilized Ugandans to “fight’ for their rights and to “liberate” their country. Ugandans must know that they are the ones to spearhead their liberation.<\/p>\n

The African Union and other international bodies must remain vigilant.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Judicial and\u202ffinancial penalties\u202fmust be imposed on officials, leaders, military and police personnel who have violated peoples rights and plundered national resources. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Foreign forces must not provide the government with weapons and military personnel<\/p>\n

Bobi Wine must be offered personalized protection by the African Union and\/or the United Nations.<\/p>\n

Amidst allegations of vote rigging and regime control of institutions including the judiciary, international laws must be followed to verify the election results and to demand accountability from the regime.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Written by Evelyn Mayanja, edited by Sienna Scullion.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Today,\u00a0 January 16, 2026\u00a0Ugandans are electing a president and parliamentarians. For\u00a0forty years the country\u00a0has been ruled by President Museveni, his\u00a0family and cronies\u00a0many of whom originate from the same ethnic\u00a0group.\u00a0Uganda has\u00a0gradually transitioned from\u00a0\u2018becoming a democratic state to an autocratic government.\u00a0The\u00a0Museveni\u00a0government\u00a0has used hard and soft forms of repression to suffocate dissent.\u00a0The young people\u2019 , \u00a0many of whom […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"on","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[24,1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nUganda\u2019s youth struggle for freedom and democracy - Going Green? 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