{"id":77124,"date":"2021-06-09T14:09:58","date_gmt":"2021-06-09T18:09:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/newsroom.carleton.ca\/?post_type=cu_story&#038;p=77124"},"modified":"2025-08-19T09:37:13","modified_gmt":"2025-08-19T13:37:13","slug":"conversation-violence-against-muslims","status":"publish","type":"cu_story","link":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/news\/story\/conversation-violence-against-muslims\/","title":{"rendered":"London terror attack: Canadians have become desensitized to violence against Muslims"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section class=\"w-screen px-6 cu-section cu-section--white ml-offset-center md:px-8 lg:px-14\">\n    <div class=\"space-y-6 cu-max-w-child-max  md:space-y-10 cu-prose-first-last\">\n\n        \n                    \n                    \n            \n    <div class=\"cu-wideimage relative flex items-center justify-center mx-auto px-8 overflow-hidden md:px-16 rounded-xl not-prose  my-6 md:my-12 first:mt-0 bg-opacity-50 bg-cover bg-cu-black-50 pt-24 pb-32 md:pt-28 md:pb-44 lg:pt-36 lg:pb-60 xl:pt-48 xl:pb-72\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/carleton.ca\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/162\/conversation-london-tragedy-1200w-1.jpg); background-position: 50% 50%;\">\n\n                    <div class=\"absolute top-0 w-full h-screen\" style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.600);\"><\/div>\n        \n        <div class=\"relative z-[2] max-w-4xl w-full flex flex-col items-center gap-2 cu-wideimage-image cu-zero-first-last\">\n            <header class=\"mx-auto mb-6 text-center text-white cu-pageheader cu-component-updated cu-pageheader--center md:mb-12\">\n\n                                    <h1 class=\"cu-prose-first-last font-semibold mb-2 text-3xl md:text-4xl lg:text-5xl lg:leading-[3.5rem] cu-pageheader--center text-center mx-auto after:left-px\">\n                        London terror attack: Canadians have become desensitized to violence against Muslims\n                    <\/h1>\n                \n                            <\/header>\n        <\/div>\n\n                    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"absolute bottom-0 w-full z-[1]\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 1280 312\">\n                <path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M26.412 315.608c-.602-.268-6.655-2.412-13.524-4.769a1943.84 1943.84 0 0 1-14.682-5.144l-2.276-.858v-5.358c0-4.876.086-5.358.773-5.09 1.674.643 21.38 5.84 34.646 9.109 14.682 3.59 28.935 6.858 45.936 10.449l9.874 2.089H57.322c-16.4 0-30.31-.16-30.91-.428ZM460.019 315.233c42.974-10.074 75.602-19.88 132.443-39.867 76.16-26.791 152.063-57.709 222.385-90.663 16.7-7.823 21.336-10.074 44.262-21.273 85.004-41.688 134.719-64.193 195.291-88.413 66.55-26.577 145.2-53.584 194.27-66.765C1258.5 5.626 1281.34 0 1282.24 0c.17 0 .34 27.596.34 61.3v61.299l-2.23.375c-84.7 13.718-165.93 35.955-310.736 84.931-46.494 15.753-65.427 22.076-96.166 32.15-9.102 3-24.814 8.198-34.989 11.574-107.543 35.954-153.008 50.422-196.626 62.639l-6.74 1.876-89.126-.054c-78.135-.054-88.782-.161-85.948-.857ZM729.628 312.875c33.229-10.985 69.248-23.523 127.506-44.207 118.705-42.223 164.596-57.709 217.446-73.302 2.62-.75 8.29-2.465 12.67-3.751 56.19-16.772 126.94-33.597 184.17-43.671 5.07-.91 9.66-1.768 10.22-1.875l.94-.161v170.236l-281.28-.054H719.968l9.66-3.215ZM246.864 313.411c-65.041-2.251-143.047-12.11-208.432-26.256-18.375-3.965-41.73-9.538-42.202-10.074-.171-.214-.257-21.38-.214-47.046l.129-46.618 6.654 3.697c57.313 32.043 118.491 56.531 197.699 79.143 40.313 11.521 83.459 18.058 138.669 21.059 15.584.857 65.685.857 81.14 0 33.744-1.876 61.306-4.93 88.396-9.806 6.396-1.126 11.634-1.983 11.722-1.929.255.375-20.48 7.769-30.999 11.038-28.592 8.948-59.288 15.646-91.873 20.147-26.36 3.59-50.015 5.627-78.35 6.698-15.584.59-55.209.59-72.339-.053Z\"><\/path>\n                <path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M-3.066 295.067 32.06 304.1v9.033H-3.066v-18.066Z\"><\/path>\n            <\/svg>\n            <\/div>\n\n    \n\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<p>A Muslim family was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ctvnews.ca\/canada\/the-best-of-people-victims-of-london-ont-vehicle-attack-identified-and-mourned-1.5460825\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">targeted in a violent hate crime in London, Ont., that left four people dead and a nine-year-old child in critical condition<\/a>. Police have confirmed the attack was motivated by hate and that the perpetrator may be charged with terrorism. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The crime has left <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2021\/06\/07\/americas\/canada-london-anti-islamic-attack\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the Canadian Muslim community in a state of fear, grief and anxiety<\/a> \u2014 feelings that they and other racialized people who may be perceived as Muslim individuals have become all too familiar with since <a href=\"https:\/\/www.apa.org\/monitor\/2011\/09\/Muslims\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sept. 11, 2001<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Canadians have become desensitized to the vulnerability of Muslims. The racial legacies of the West   \u2014 such as creating the image of the perfect Canadian   \u2014 stretch through our media, education and state practices, creating a narrative of who is worthy of belonging and who is an outsider. Categorizing who gets to belong to Canada, and who doesn\u2019t, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/inequality\/2017\/nov\/08\/us-vs-them-the-sinister-techniques-of-othering-and-how-to-avoid-them\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">relies on these processes and institutions<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"islamophobia-in-the-west\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Islamophobia in the west<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Since 9\/11, Islamophobia has grown in western society and has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adl.org\/education\/resources\/tools-and-strategies\/myths-and-facts-about-muslim-people-and-islam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">fed into a fear of people who look Muslim<\/a>. This, in turn, has produced a numbness in Canadians to the <a href=\"https:\/\/ccrweb.ca\/files\/discrimination_against_arabs_and_muslims_in_canada.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">civil rights breaches<\/a> brought on by government security policies. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The news media catalyzed the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/monkey-cage\/wp\/2018\/12\/20\/newspaper-coverage-of-muslims-is-negative-and-its-not-because-of-terrorism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">contagious spread of anti-Muslim sentiments<\/a>, while the political rhetoric brought with it <a href=\"https:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.ca\/rafe-mair\/harper-racist-bill-c51_b_6737540.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">heightened international security and anti-terrorism laws<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Politicians have also embraced these notions and contributed to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chatelaine.com\/news\/quebec-secularism-bill-21-women\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">systematic discrimination<\/a> of Muslims and brown people, including <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1057\/9781137334831_3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">those of Middle Eastern and South Asian descent<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As a brown person, I have been subjected to extra security checks and questions about my \u201cCanadianness.\u201d I have felt the fear of being othered. As an anti-racism scholar, I am interested in how my community \u2014 and those of other groups perceived as Muslim \u2014 are surveilled and targeted by both the government and white supremacists.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"dehumanizing-brown-people\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dehumanizing brown people<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Seeing all brown people as the same is a result of the \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10402650802330071\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">browning of terror<\/a>.\u201d Here, the discrimination is not connected to a specific racial or ethnic group \u2014 rather, brown skin has become representative of deviance and danger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With its intense focus on Muslim fundamentalists, the media has come to homogenize not only Muslims, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2016\/09\/15\/us\/sikh-hate-crime-victims\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">but extended Islamophobia to include non-Muslim South Asians as well<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/405477\/original\/file-20210609-14808-8zoo8z.JPG?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"Students carry signs that say HATE KILLS and SHE WAS HUMAN\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\n              <span class=\"caption\">High school students carry signs outside the London Muslim Mosque before a vigil for the victims of the deadly vehicle attack on five members of the Canadian Muslim community in London, Ont. (<span class=\"source\">THE CANADIAN PRESS\/Nathan Denette<\/span>)<\/span><br>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca\/en\/article\/black-history-in-canada-1960-to-present\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">surveillance of racialized people<\/a> has been a prevalent part of the West\u2019s history and remains a constant in the ongoing <a href=\"https:\/\/digitalcommons.osgoode.yorku.ca\/ohlj\/vol41\/iss2\/7\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">war against terrorism<\/a>, both domestic and international. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/politics\/muslim-groups-troubled-by-stephen-harper-s-mosque-remark-1.2940488\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Anti-terrorism bills<\/a>, immigration laws and over-policing of racialized communities legitimize discrimination under the pretext of security. Brown people are subjected to extraordinary measures of state-sanctioned prejudice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"the-spread-of-islamophobia\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The spread of Islamophobia<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2017, a study by the Angus Reid Institute showed that Canadians held <a href=\"https:\/\/angusreid.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/2017.04.04_Religion.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">unfavourable views of Islam, Sikhism and Hinduism, rating the religions lower than Christianity, Judaism and Buddhism respectively<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Legal scholar Azeezah Khanji conducted another study that showed that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/Documents\/Issues\/Religion\/Islamophobia-AntiMuslim\/Civil%20Society%20or%20Individuals\/Noor-ICLMG-ISSA.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">over half of Canadians believed that Muslims cannot be trusted, thought that Islamophobia is being catastrophized and that the government should surveil mosques<\/a>. The study also found that 46 per cent of Canadians believed that the discrimination Muslims faced was their own fault. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/2015\/11\/18\/9755478\/isis-islam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">use of Islam by terrorist groups<\/a> has vilified the religion and its followers. Unlike <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/posteverything\/wp\/2015\/06\/18\/call-the-charleston-church-shooting-what-it-is-terrorism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">white people who commit crimes<\/a>, brown people are not seen as individuals but as a product of their community, quickly described as terrorists by the media and politicians alike. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"myth-of-multiculturalism\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Myth of multiculturalism<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>People of colour continue to find themselves at the centre of conflicts which are rarely of their own choosing. When a person of colour commits a crime or dissents against the state, the entire community \u2014 and in the case of Muslims, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13169\/islastudj.5.1.0026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the religion<\/a> \u2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/are-the-lives-of-white-killers-more-important-than-everyday-black-folk-96064\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">is vilified<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The colonial history of Canada is often hidden behind the multicultural image we project through the belief that we are a mosaic nation. This multicultural myth allows us to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/opinion\/opinion-racism-canada-1.5979488\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">further ourselves from the overt racist practices and incidents of other western countries<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After 9\/11, Canada\u2019s politics and societal beliefs contradicted its multicultural discourse. Muslims were <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/science-and-health\/2017\/11\/30\/16645024\/collective-blame-psychology-muslim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">labelled potential terrorists<\/a>, plotting against the west. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Biased media reporting and politicians\u2019 racist rhetoric have created a narrative that enables <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tsas.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/RR2019_01_Campana_Tanner.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">far-right groups to target Muslims to protect and save western ideals<\/a> by targeting Muslims. We saw this in the murders at the <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/remembering-the-quebec-city-mosque-attack-islamophobia-and-canadas-national-amnesia-152799\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Qu\u00e9bec City mosque<\/a> and now in London, Ont. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It has become increasingly apparent that awareness of the plight of racialized people only comes about after extreme acts of violence. The collective outrage that follows racialized violence feels performative, as the cycle of hate continues without any disruption.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This article is republished from <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/carleton-university-900\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Carleton University is a member of this unique digital journalism platform that launched in June 2017 to boost visibility of Canada\u2019s academic faculty and researchers. Interested in writing a piece? Please contact <a href=\"mailto:steven.reid3@carleton.ca\">Steven Reid<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/become-an-author\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sign up to become an author<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>All photos provided by The Conversation from various sources.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8212;<br>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/newsroom.carleton.ca\/\">Carleton Newsroom<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/162392\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Muslim family was targeted in a violent hate crime in London, Ont., that left four people dead and a nine-year-old child in critical condition. Police have confirmed the attack was motivated by hate and that the perpetrator may be charged with terrorism. The crime has left the Canadian Muslim community in a state of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":410,"featured_media":77127,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"cu_story_type":[1623],"cu_story_tag":[],"class_list":["post-77124","cu_story","type-cu_story","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","cu_story_type-expert-perspectives"],"acf":{"cu_post_thumbnail":false},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/cu_story\/77124","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/cu_story"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/cu_story"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/410"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/cu_story\/77124\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":77131,"href":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/cu_story\/77124\/revisions\/77131"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/77127"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77124"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"cu_story_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/cu_story_type?post=77124"},{"taxonomy":"cu_story_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/cu_story_tag?post=77124"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}