{"id":9421,"date":"2025-02-06T09:28:08","date_gmt":"2025-02-06T14:28:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/?p=9421"},"modified":"2025-02-06T10:17:56","modified_gmt":"2025-02-06T15:17:56","slug":"calum-carmichael-takes-issue-with-a-simplistic-take-of-effective-altruism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/2025\/calum-carmichael-takes-issue-with-a-simplistic-take-of-effective-altruism\/","title":{"rendered":"Prof. Calum Carmichael takes issue with a \u201csimplistic\u201d and \u201ctired\u201d take of Effective Altruism"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-2221 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Calum-Carmichael-300x332.png\" alt=\"Calum Carmichael presented his paper, Charitable ends by political means?, comparing 16 countries\u2019 approaches in regulating the kinds and levels of political activities that philanthropic entities could undertake without losing their fiscal privileges.\" width=\"213\" height=\"236\" srcset=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Calum-Carmichael-300x332.png 300w, https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Calum-Carmichael-400x443.png 400w, https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Calum-Carmichael.png 570w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 213px) 100vw, 213px\" \/>A response to Emma Goldberg\u2019s <em>What if Charity Shouldn\u2019t Be Optimized?<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>By <a href=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/editors\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Calum Carmichael<\/a>, <em>PANL Perspectives<\/em>, February 2025.<\/p>\n<p>For some time now, <em>The New York Times<\/em> has published an annual <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2024\/11\/23\/opinion\/charity-holiday-gift-giving-guide.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Holiday Giving Guide<\/a>. In it, several opinion writers introduce charities they believe deserve our attention and donations for being effective in using the dollars they receive. Most of their recommendations are for charities that address the immediate needs of people facing adversity, both globally and domestically \u2013 needs tied to health, education, security and human rights. Accordingly, it\u2019s not <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/12\/01\/opinion\/sunday\/kristof-holiday-gift-guide-2018.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">unusual<\/a> for the recommendations to include charities identified as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givewell.org\/charities\/top-charities\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">high-impact and cost effective<\/a> by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givewell.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GiveWell<\/a> or other research organizations associated with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.effectivealtruism.org\/articles\/introduction-to-effective-altruism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Effective Altruism<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>In contrast with this tradition, last December the newspaper published a freestanding <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2024\/12\/07\/business\/charity-holiday-giving-optimized.html?smid=nytcore-ios-share&amp;referringSource=articleShare\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">article<\/a> <em>What if Charity Shouldn\u2019t Be Optimized?<\/em> by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/by\/emma-goldberg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Emma Goldberg<\/a>, one of its business features writers. In it, she argues that donors shouldn\u2019t be swayed by the types of recommendations found in the Giving Guide, particularly those based on quantitative evidence of cost effectiveness.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Why shouldn\u2019t donors be swayed and charity optimized?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_9424\" style=\"width: 409px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/emmagoldberg.work\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9424\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-9424\" src=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/EmmaGoldberg800-300x301.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"399\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/EmmaGoldberg800-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/EmmaGoldberg800-400x401.png 400w, https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/EmmaGoldberg800-768x770.png 768w, https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/EmmaGoldberg800-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/EmmaGoldberg800-700x702.png 700w, https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/EmmaGoldberg800.png 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 399px) 100vw, 399px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-9424\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emma Goldberg is a features writer for &#8220;The New York Times&#8221; and writes about cultural and economic change. Her work is listed at: https:\/\/emmagoldberg.work.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Goldberg offers two reasons for her argument. First, heeding such recommendations would diminish donor agency and self-expression. In Goldberg\u2019s words:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cEquipped with tools to measure our calories, steps, working hours, wasted hours, water intake and sleep cycles, we have now been exhorted to measure our charitable impact too \u2026 to donate our money cautiously, rationally, to the charities that promise to make a dollar go the furthest\u201d; and \u201cessentially \u2026 you do not get to feel good for having done anything at all.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\u201cOutsourcing our choices about charitable giving to empirical guides \u2026 can \u2026 short circuit the painful process of paying attention\u201d; and \u201ccharitable giving gets at what we choose to let into our hearts, what fires up our empathy \u2026 extending the deepest sources of meaning in our own lives toward others.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\u201cWe need charitable causes that make people\u2019s lives feel meaningful, radiant, sacred \u2026 institutions that lend life its texture and color, and not just bare bones existence.\u201d Citing author <a href=\"https:\/\/whyphilanthropymatters.com\/podcast\/amy-schiller-reimagining-the-role-of-philanthropy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amy Shiller<\/a>, Goldberg writes, \u201cAt a time when we are under enormous pressure to optimize our time, be maximally productive, hustle and stay healthy (so we can keep hustling), we need philanthropy to make pleasure, splendor and abundance available for everyone.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_6733\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/closer-takes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6733\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-6733\" src=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Samuel-Bankman-Fried-300x305.png\" alt=\"Samuel Bankman-Fried\" width=\"400\" height=\"407\" srcset=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Samuel-Bankman-Fried-300x305.png 300w, https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Samuel-Bankman-Fried-400x407.png 400w, https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Samuel-Bankman-Fried-1400x1425.png 1400w, https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Samuel-Bankman-Fried-768x782.png 768w, https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Samuel-Bankman-Fried-700x713.png 700w, https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Samuel-Bankman-Fried.png 1448w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-6733\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Read Calum Carmichael&#8217;s five-part series, &#8220;What Can the Philanthropic Sector Take from the Downfall of Samuel Bankman-Fried and His Ties to Effective Altruism?&#8221; at: https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/closer-takes.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Goldberg\u2019s second reason is that such recommendations \u2013 particularly those based on evidence of cost effectiveness \u2013 are inspired and thus tainted by Effective Altruism (EA). Again, in her words:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cEA applied the sheen of good will (altruism) to a brand of thinking (optimization) that had already taken over the way we\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/07\/02\/business\/sweetgreen-return-to-office.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">eat<\/a> and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/news\/2019\/aug\/02\/athleisure-barre-kale-tyranny-ideal-woman-labour\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">exercise<\/a>, work and live.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\u201cFor billionaires who made their money by crunching numbers, Effective Altruism extends that into the way they give away their money, too. It is a data-loving engineer\u2019s mode of do-gooding, for the first generation of ultra wealth created by engineers.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>But \u201cthere\u2019s a more fundamental critique of Effective Altruism \u2026. On top of being a philanthropic approach, it\u2019s also, sneakily, a moral claim. The giving justifies the earning; it\u2019s a permission slip for the accumulation of vast sums of wealth \u2026 \u2013 as long as they give some of it away. EA fits comfortably into an era of widening inequality, as the fortunes of the world\u2019s richest have grown, and so has their ability to shape ideas for the rest of us.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>I realize there\u2019s a risk in re-assembling direct quotes of an author. But I\u2019ve done this here in the hope of making her reasoning clear and preserving her rhetoric and voice.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>But it\u2019s not so simple with donors<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_9447\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9447\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-9447 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Graphic-courtesy-of-Tara-Winstead500-1-300x357.jpg\" alt=\"Donors and their motivations are far more diverse and complicated than what dichotomies suggest. --Calum Carmichael. Picture is courtesy of Tara Winstead.\" width=\"300\" height=\"357\" srcset=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/Graphic-courtesy-of-Tara-Winstead500-1-300x357.jpg 300w, https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/Graphic-courtesy-of-Tara-Winstead500-1-400x476.jpg 400w, https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/Graphic-courtesy-of-Tara-Winstead500-1.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-9447\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Donors and their motivations are far more diverse and complicated than what dichotomies suggest. &#8211;Calum Carmichael. Picture is courtesy of Tara Winstead.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>My sense is that Goldberg\u2019s rhetoric has been strengthened but her reasoning and argument have been weakened by categorizing donors and their motivations using two false dichotomies.<\/p>\n<p>The first would divide donors between those who are reflective, who consult their hearts and give where the very act will offer them the most meaning and fulfillment, as opposed to those who are \u201chyper-rational,\u201d who consult and defer to the research of others and give where the expected results will be tangible and go furthest. From her perspective, recommendations like those in the Giving Guide are pressuring donors to move from the first category to the second, restricting their ability to find meaning in their giving.<\/p>\n<p>Her second dichotomy would divide donors between those who give empathetically and selflessly, from those who give strategically as a means or license to pursue their own benefit \u2013 something she ties to Effective Altruists, specifically those who are or who aspire to be wealthy.<\/p>\n<p>As I see it, donors and their motivations are far more diverse and complicated than what these two dichotomies suggest.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Selfless or selfish?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_9446\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9446\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-9446\" src=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Graphic-is-courtesy-of-Eva-Bronzini400-300x445.jpg\" alt=\"Graphic is courtesy of Eva Bronzini.\" width=\"300\" height=\"445\" srcset=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/Graphic-is-courtesy-of-Eva-Bronzini400-300x445.jpg 300w, https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/Graphic-is-courtesy-of-Eva-Bronzini400.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-9446\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Effective Altruism is not a one-size-fits-all template. Graphic is courtesy of Eva Bronzini.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Let\u2019s start with the second dichotomy. Goldberg depicts EA as an approach to philanthropy that fosters self-interest and justifies wealth accumulation. Such a depiction is simplistic and by now a very tired one. To form a more comprehensive understanding of EA \u2013 its origins, the diversity and debates within it, the criticisms it has attracted and their counter arguments, and how many of those criticisms generalize to the philanthropic sector as a whole \u2013 I encourage her, as well as all interested readers, to start by consulting the <a href=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/closer-takes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">five-part series<\/a> I prepared for <em>PANL Perspectives<\/em> that has been compiled into one document <a href=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/What-Can-the-Philanthropic-Sector-Take-from-the-Downfall-of-Samuel-Bankman-Fried-and-His-Ties-to-Effective-Altruism-a-five-part-series-by-Calum-Carmichael-2023-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>EA is not a \u201cone-size-fits-all template.\u201d It preserves <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givingwhatwecan.org\/en\/best-charities-to-donate-to-2025#health\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">choice<\/a> in the types of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rethinking-charity.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">causes<\/a> that donors could support albeit within the confines of cost effectiveness, and it doesn\u2019t <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bostonreview.net\/forum_response\/response-peter-singer-reply\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">deny<\/a> them the opportunity to give beyond those confines. It\u2019s not \u201cthe dominant way to think about charity\u201d as she claims: witness the high proportion of personal donations in Canada and the US going to religious organizations, some of which will undoubtedly have come from Effective Altruists.<\/p>\n<p>Sure enough, EA offers <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">career advice<\/a> for those wanting to match their skills with jobs likely to generate a high social impact. But that advice focuses not on high-paying jobs that would allow them to give more, but rather on jobs that would enable them to work directly on major problems, whether through nonprofits, charities, social enterprises, universities, think tanks, governments, political organizations or private enterprise. And, yes, among its adherents are several very wealthy individuals from the tech sector (including, I assume, some engineers). But the overall income profile of the EA community is far more commonplace, although <a href=\"https:\/\/forum.effectivealtruism.org\/posts\/ThdR8FzcfA8wckTJi\/ea-survey-2020-demographics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">demographically<\/a> it is younger, more educated, more secular, more white and more male than the population as a whole.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_9432\" style=\"width: 529px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9432\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-9432\" src=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/Notre-Dame-Cathedral-Paris650-300x332.jpg\" alt=\"Wealthy donors pledged a billion Euros within days of a fundraising appeal to restore Notre Dame Cathedral, in Paris, after a massive fire.\" width=\"519\" height=\"575\" srcset=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/Notre-Dame-Cathedral-Paris650-300x332.jpg 300w, https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/Notre-Dame-Cathedral-Paris650-400x443.jpg 400w, https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/Notre-Dame-Cathedral-Paris650.jpg 650w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 519px) 100vw, 519px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-9432\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wealthy donors pledged a billion Euros within days of a fundraising appeal to restore Notre Dame Cathedral, in Paris, after a massive fire.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>And as to Goldberg\u2019s claim that EA sits comfortably with income inequality and enables its wealthy adherents to gain prestige and influence \u2013 it\u2019s simply wrong to tie such criticisms to EA specifically. They\u2019ve long been made against so-called \u201cbig philanthropy\u201d generally, particularly in the US: see for example <a href=\"https:\/\/www.philanthropy.com\/package\/reimagining-philanthropy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lucy Bernholtz<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.insidephilanthropy.com\/home\/2019\/1\/7\/impossible-to-justify-a-political-scientist-takes-on-american-philanthropy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">David Callahan<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/news\/2019\/jan\/22\/the-new-elites-phoney-crusade-to-save-the-world-without-changing-anything\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Anand Giridharadas<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/ssir.org\/articles\/entry\/philanthropy_in_the_service_of_democracy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rob Reich<\/a>, among others, and the counterarguments offered by <a href=\"https:\/\/cup.columbia.edu\/book\/in-defence-of-philanthropy\/9781788212618\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Beth Breeze<\/a>. It\u2019s ironic, therefore, that Goldberg uses the campaign to repair and rebuild Notre Dame Cathedral as an example of donations that defy the criteria of EA. Ironic, because she ignores criticisms that the wealthy used those donations to gain personal prestige and influence: see for example <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/world\/2019\/04\/18\/notre-dame-cathedral-fire-billionaires-donations-spark-backlash\/3514968002\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Joel Shannon<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/oliverwilliams1\/2019\/04\/17\/why-notre-dame-donations-are-provoking-a-backlash-against-billionaires\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ollie A. Williams<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>From my perspective, all decisions about where and how much to donate are unavoidably self-referential: that is to say, connected to our identities, priorities and learned behaviours. Our motives are probably inscrutable even to ourselves, at least in part. But whether they\u2019re selfless or selfish, lying somewhere in between or across other categories, I don\u2019t think we can say with certainty either for ourselves or for others.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>What\u2019s more important \u2013 better expected outcomes for beneficiaries or greater personal fulfillment for donors? <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Let\u2019s turn to the first dichotomy. Rephrasing it along these lines echoes the preceding paragraph. In deciding how much and where to donate, are we acting out of <em>philanthropy<\/em> (\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2) \u2013 a regard for others, their needs and what will allow them to live and to live better? Or are we acting out of <em>philautia<\/em> (\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1) \u2013 a regard for ourselves, our interests, what feels \u201cmeaningful, radiant, sacred\u201d to us? Is it about them? Or is it about us? Or again \u2013 to avoid perpetuating a false dichotomy \u2013 is it a blend of the two, or perhaps about something totally different?<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Might it be that at least for some people these categories are interdependent or indistinguishable? Let me illustrate. Using Goldberg\u2019s terminology \u2013 \u201cwhat we choose to let into our hearts, what fires up our empathy \u2026 extending the deepest sources of meaning in our own lives toward others\u201d \u2013 thereby serving <em>philautia<\/em> \u2013 may involve addressing the basic needs of others and directing our resources to where they are likely to do the most good where the needs are great and would otherwise go unaddressed \u2013 thereby also serving <em>philanthropy<\/em>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>For some, evidence of cost effectiveness may help them decide how to direct their donations, thereby facilitating rather than suppressing their agency and self-expression, complementing rather than short circuiting the \u201cpainful process of paying attention\u201d of who is most in need and of what. This might lead them, for example, to donate not to the local children\u2019s hospital whose flyer, complete with touching photographs, just arrived in the mail, but rather to an organization working to reduce early childhood death or blindness caused by vitamin A deficiency \u2013 of which they would be unaware except for the website of an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givingwhatwecan.org\/en\/best-charities-to-donate-to-2025#health\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">organization<\/a> associated with EA.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>A missing dichotomy and points of agreement<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Charitable giving can contribute meaning to our lives by allowing us to express and act on our priorities around who is important and what is important. But our financial resources are finite, even for the wealthiest. What we choose to keep for ourselves determines what we can give to and for others. And unless we choose to keep less for ourselves, what we give to one charitable cause or organization reduces the amount available for another. Aware of this, I agree with Goldberg\u2019s observations that \u201cthere\u2019s nothing wrong with the desire to measure the value of our giving\u201d and \u201cthere\u2019s also nothing wrong with thinking expansively about that value, or the tools for measuring it.\u201d<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Indeed, I\u2019d go further: rather than allow our charitable giving to be determined by marketing, impulse or habit, it\u2019s important for us to be self-aware, to think about the different values of our giving to different causes (who benefits, why, and by how much?), what determines those values (is it from what we get or what others get?), and how we measure them (are the things that we or that others get necessities or niceties?).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>It\u2019s important to think of such things because our financial resources are finite and the pressing needs around us are great.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Calum Carmichael<\/strong> is a retired Professor in the MPNL program. His research touches on political finance, the tax treatment of philanthropy, and the regulation of political activities by charitable organizations. He\u2019s introduced and curated many series for &#8220;PANL Perspectives,&#8221; including <a href=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/ethics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ethics<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/story\/shifting-power\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Shifting Power<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/panl\/2023\/what-can-the-philanthropic-sector-take-from-the-downfall-of-samuel-bankman-fried-and-his-ties-to-effective-altruism-part-1-of-5\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">What Can the Philanthropic Sector Take from the Downfall of Samuel Bankman-Fried and His Ties to Effective Altruism?<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"c-bttn u-text-transform-u u-text-align-c\"><a class=\"c-bttn__link\" href=\"http:\/\/eepurl.com\/hdJ0J5\">Sign up for PANL Perspectives, MPNL\u2019s free newsletter.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A response to Emma Goldberg\u2019s What if Charity Shouldn\u2019t Be Optimized? By Calum Carmichael, PANL Perspectives, February 2025. For some time now, The New York Times has published an annual Holiday Giving Guide. In it, several opinion writers introduce charities they believe deserve our attention and donations for being effective in using the dollars they [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[2257,2423,549,167],"tags":[2507,2976,443,442,66,77,355,73,81,811,97,755,393,1827,1828,2263,2276,3072,577,93,408,56,1671,52,98,985,90,426,111,291,2544,1945,1279,76,3074,96,813,424,71,82,425,812,3075,124,74,75,84,72,423,251,182,427,434,3071,185,229,326,578,371,83,475,814,616,444,171,893,78,79,2281,1039,3073,986],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Prof. Calum Carmichael takes issue with a \u201csimplistic\u201d and \u201ctired\u201d take of Effective Altruism | PANL<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A response to Emma Goldberg\u2019s What if Charity Shouldn\u2019t Be Optimized? 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