{"id":206,"date":"2017-06-26T09:05:02","date_gmt":"2017-06-26T13:05:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/toivonen\/?page_id=206"},"modified":"2025-05-26T06:40:56","modified_gmt":"2025-05-26T10:40:56","slug":"distributivity-and-collectivity","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/toivonen\/distributivity-and-collectivity\/","title":{"rendered":"Distributivity and Collectivity"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Distributivity<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>An expression such as <i> the students left <\/i> can be interpreted collectively (the students left together)  or distributively (the students left one by one). We can disambiguate these readings with words such as <i>together, one by one, each<\/i> and <i>respectively<\/i>.  I am currently involved in   a couple of  projects where we are trying to  better understand this topic.  One project involves so-called <i> binominal each <\/i> (as in &#8220;the students read a book each&#8221;).  This work has led us to explore distributive operators cross-linguistically; for example, we are trying to understand the difference between <i> var<\/i> and  <i> varsin <\/i>  in Swedish.  The project has also led us to think about the nature of indefinite noun phrases.  Collaborators: Raj Singh, Dejan Milacic, Ashley Sokalski, Kunio Hessel, Lisa Sullivan and Elisabeth Wood.<br \/>\n<br \/>\nAnother project (with Petter Morottaja and Raj Singh) involves comitative coordination in Inari Saami, which seems to involve a collective interpretation. <\/p>\n<p> Forthcoming. The syntax of Inari Saami: a focus on case and agreement.  With Petter Morottaja.  Under review for Tamm and Vainikka (eds.) <i> Uralic Syntax. <\/i> <\/p>\n<p>2019.  <a href=\"http:\/\/web.stanford.edu\/group\/cslipublications\/cslipublications\/LFG\/LFG-2019\/lfg2019-lst.pdf\"> Distributive possessors in Swedish and Norwegian: binding, agreement, and quantification.<\/a>   With Helge L&oslash;drup  and Raj Singh. In: Miriam Butt, Tracy Holloway King and Ida  Toivonen (eds.),   {\\it Proceedings of the LFG19 Conference}, 170&#8211;190.   Stanford: CSLI Publications. <\/p>\n<p>2016. Distance distributivity and the semantics of indefinite noun phrases.  With  Raj Singh. <em> Carleton Linguistics Group talk <\/em> <br \/>\n  <A HREF=\"\/toivonen\/wp-content\/uploads\/lli-each.pdf\">pdf<\/A><\/p>\n<p>2015. On the morphosyntactic representation of dependent quantification: distance<br \/>\ndistributivity, dependent indefinites, and Skolemization.  With  Dejan Milacic and Raj Singh. <em>Proceedings<br \/>\nof Sinn und Bedeutung 19<\/em> <br \/>\n  <A HREF=\"\/toivonen\/wp-content\/uploads\/MilacicSinghToivonen.pdf\">pdf<\/A><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Distributivity An expression such as the students left can be interpreted collectively (the students left together) or distributively (the students left one by one). We can disambiguate these readings with words such as together, one by one, each and respectively. I am currently involved in a couple of projects where we are trying to better [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>distributivity - linguistics<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"distributive semantics syntax\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/toivonen\/distributivity-and-collectivity\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/toivonen\/distributivity-and-collectivity\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/carleton.ca\/toivonen\/distributivity-and-collectivity\/\",\"name\":\"distributivity - 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