Policy brief (June 2014) by Merje Kuus. This policy brief examines expert authority in Brussels: what counts as expertise, and how to understand the European Union’s relations with member states and third countries. Based on a seven-year study of geopolitical knowledge production in EU institutions, this brief first summarizes three findings of direct policy relevance. These touch on informal versus formal dynamics of knowledge production, the fluidity of decision-making categories, and the need for imaginative, thoughtful actors. This brief then makes recommendations for analyzing European decision-making.