| Language: | Apache | Chipewyan | Navajo | ||
| Source: | Condie* ’80 from Bourke | Haas ’68
Scollon ‘79(ital.) |
Morice ‘07
(general N. Dene ital.) |
Hohn’73
Li,F-K # |
Franciscans’10 (ital.)Young & Morgan ’87 |
| above | dà dà | kídœ ‘akᾴᾴ’ | |||
| arrow | k’â | ‘ka ‘kra | ká ká | kā’ k’aa’ | |
| Aurora borealis | gǔznadílkl’a | nahoogaii | |||
| autumn | xàiťází | ‘aak’eed | |||
| away from | yuta yuto | t’càzí | sits’áji ‘ats’ąą‘ | ||
| axe | chí-hi-k’é | tθὲł | nǐt tsénił | ||
| awl | tθàł | tsǎgaí tsah | |||
| baby | ishkin | tsìyὲ | shiyázh ‘awéé’ | ||
| back(my) | nən-έ
nàné |
shináe’de‘anághah | |||
| bag | tcέð | dǎ’nagłzí ‘azis | |||
| ball | dzòlέ | joł jooł | |||
| bark | t’u’zέ | azhí ‘azhííh | |||
| bead | yô | t’su’z | yō yoo’ | ||
| bear | shoz | sàs sàs | shâsh shash | ||
| beaver | chá | tsá | ts’a | chā chaa’ | |
| bedding | tὲy-έ | yātqéł yaateeł | |||
| belly(ribs) | shi | -bit bœt | bàγà tcàyá | bitsá ‘átsą | |
| below | yuya(yuyo) | yὲyà | yádœ biyaadi | ||
| belt | bὲðέyą | sǐs sis | |||
| berry | dj’íyὲ | dzǐdzé dzidzé | |||
| beyond | ‘ází | ‘alááh | |||
| bird | jí.zɛh | tsídi tsídii | |||
| big | inchá | tso tco | tcòy | tsoh | |
| birch | kəI’ k’aìc | k’ishchíí’ | |||
| bison | edsheeré
èdjèrè |
‘ayání | |||
| black | zàn | łizhín łizhin | |||
| blanket | chît | tìl | beêldlé beeldléí | ||
| blow | yúł | yích’ííh | |||
| blue | duklíj | tłís | dotľísh dootł’izh | ||
| boat | t’sì | yǒł tsinaa’eeł | |||
| bone | d’sœn | t’өàn | d’zin ts’in | ||
| bow | eltin | œłthin | tín | ałtqín ‘ałtíí | |
| break (v) | ni-í-zôntz | j-djέz | bighádlaad | ||
| breast | t’θừ | shitqél ‘abe’ | |||
| cane | táө-έ | gish | |||
| card | xál.jł | naaltsoos | |||
| charcoal | t’έs | t’ēsh t’eesh | |||
| clothes | yú | ‘éé’ | |||
| cloud | yâ-kôz | ‘kos ‘kwos | kwòθ
k’wòθ |
kǒs k’os | |
| coat | ‘ì | ǎbáni (shirt) ‘éétsoh | |||
| cold | zuzkôs | nez’kaz | k’áð | hakáz hak’az | |
| cook (v) | ishpéj | bέz | yibéézh | ||
| corpse | nizéltin | tέ | dsǏstaí | ||
| cough | kwòө | dokhós dikos | |||
| count | tá | má’i | |||
| coyote | bâ | nunnit
shallé alie |
mâ’i dił’qíłi mą’ii | ||
| cup | t’өái | beqa’ízhâhi | |||
| darkness | jíne | xíł t’łεyε | nîhojíchahałheeł | ||
| day or
dawn |
ek’áyi |
dzinέ |
yīkai yœkhaih | kàic | nt’œ
qa’í’â |
| daughter | lį-έ | sitsí’ hach’é’é | |||
| dog | jlîn | łį | łééchąą’í | ||
| dream | tį | shibíł na’iidzeeł | |||
| dress | ‘ì | bīl tł’aakał | |||
| drum | é-kot-tatza | taəγəli | tsá ‘ásaa’ | ||
| dog | shee | łį | łīchái | ||
| door | tįdá | cliǽětqindáádílkał | |||
| duck | tayína-eth | tsheth
tcəð |
nāl’éłi naal’eełí | ||
| eagle | detone
dεt’ánεtòy |
atsá ‘atsá | |||
| ear | shi-chá | dzày-á | ăjá’ ‘ajaa’ | ||
| east | chígo-na-áy-akâz | yaľ^né | ha’a’aah | ||
| egg | igúej | gyέzέ | biyézhi ‘ayęęzhii | ||
| enemy | ná (Cree) | ‘ana’í | |||
| elbow | t’súz | ōzhlá’ ‘ach’oozhlaa | |||
| eyes | shindá | -na -na | nàyá | aná ‘anáá | |
| fall(season | xàit’a’zį | aakhád | |||
| far off | nizá neza | ðà | nízad nízaad | ||
| father | shitá | tá | ‘azhé’é | ||
| feather | k’â-t’â | ľεts’əé | bit’á ‘at’a’ | ||
| female | t’sέ | tsa’ii | |||
| finger | shúlajuz | tθàł-έ | hála ‘ála’ | ||
| fire | k’ûn | kún | khû ko’ | ||
| fish | jlûi | ło ło | łừwέ | łō’ łóó’ | |
| five | sàsừláyè | ăshdlá’ | |||
| flesh | -tsî’ | tөən | bitsí ‘atsį’ | ||
| food | í-t’ân | dąnέ | ch’iyáán | ||
| foot | shik’é | ke khé | kέ | khĕ ‘akee’ | |
| fox | gyìð-ε | mâ’iłtsoi | |||
| four | dín | dìγì | dī díí’ | ||
| freeze | i-nânésti | tən | yistaín yishtin | ||
| frog | t’sàl | châł ch’ał | |||
| girl | ťεrε | ‘at’ééd | |||
| goose | nâlelthi | cha xà | nat’ági | ||
| grass | ? | ťło | t’łòy | tlo | |
| grease | t’łεs | bił | |||
| grey | bà | tabá’ | |||
| ground | t’sέτ | tēsh | |||
| grouse,
ptarmigan |
t’dee or etchay | k’àzbà | dih | ||
| hair | tzi-zil | yà | tsīgha | ||
| half | dáiji-nígo | tànìzį | ‘ałníí’ | ||
| hand | shik’ôn | (ʼn)là | yīlá’ | ||
| handle | káθ | bitsiin | |||
| hat | châ | t’sà | ch’ah | ||
| he, himself | ὲdįnì | t’áá bíhí | |||
| head | sitzín | tθí | sĭtsīts’ín | ||
| heart | ichí | dzìyέ | ajĕidíshjŏl | ||
| heavy | dáð | nisdaaz | |||
| heel | kξłtál | ăkhétqāl | |||
| hide,skin | k’águe | ðəð | abáni | ||
| hold | tứn | ||||
| horn | itlé | dέ | dē | ||
| horse | jlîn | sheetsho
łìtšŏg |
łī | ||
| house | k’ĭn | yὲ | khǐn or hogan | ||
| husband | sὲ٢ὲnὲөέ | hastqín | |||
| ice | tîn | kai khe | tən | tqĭn | |
| intestines | t’sìyέ | ăch’í | |||
| kidney | chégoschúje | t’səzὲ | ătśashkáshi | ||
| knee | pi-k’ût | gwότ | ǎwhód | ||
| knife | pêsh | bec bés | bès | besh | |
| lake | tû-si-k’ân | từέ | river | ||
| land | nən-έ | kéyah | |||
| language | təì | sād | |||
| laugh | cho-kl’ô | dlόy | anáshdlō | ||
| leaf | il -œl | t’ą | -‘tan | ||
| leg | si-chat | dzà | ăjád | ||
| lie down | saka sœka | t’sí | |||
| liver | izzít | ðə٢ | ăzíd | ||
| louse | yā yā | yá | yaa’ | ||
| lynx | tseeshé
tc’ìzέ |
nash duił baí | |||
| maggot | náy-ì | chǒsh | |||
| man | díne diné | yu’də’nèù | díné | ||
| many | łani łane | łą | łani | ||
| meat | itzí | bər٢εgyànέ | ‘atsi’ | ||
| Milky
Way |
yâ-ta-kô-kay | yikáísdáhí | |||
| moccasin | kέ | khě | |||
| month | dágiltân | ðá | ji | ||
| moon | kl’égo-na-ay | oljé | |||
| mosquito | chínzi-olté | djứlì | tsīdānǽzi | ||
| mother | shima | à à | ‘amá | ||
| mountain | dził dzœł | cέө | dził | ||
| mouse | donné | na’ǎstsósi | |||
| mouth | sizzé | -ze | ðè | -zé | |
| mud/adobe | gûshklij | t’łέs | hashtl’ísh | ||
| muskrat | dzen | tshenn dzən | tqábâ’ | ||
| name | (ʼn)zí | ‘azhi’ | |||
| neck | shi-kôz | kwòð | khăs | ||
| needle | bi-nak’addi | tθàtìłì
tθàtìkì |
tsǎ ts’ósi | ||
| nest | bikk’ín | -‘do –‘to | t’òy | bit’ó’ | |
| night | kl’égo | təð-έ tàð-έ | tlégo | ||
| north | nílkôz-indé | toí | náhookos | ||
| North Star (Polarus) | iltzônt-ze-tu-nâdi-tá | náhokhŏs bokhó | |||
| nose | inchí | (ń)tsì | ăchí | ||
| ochre | tsékhô | tséko’ | |||
| old | ostín | yąn-έ | sá’ | ||
| one | tazlá | ì-łá | łá’i | ||
| otter | bìyε | tsōstqíni | |||
| outerwear | i·-inchâ | ‘ì (Li:coat) | |||
| pan | pêzá | ‘asaa’ | |||
| pemmican | gγànέ | ‘atsi’ | |||
| people | hòťìnε | dine’é | |||
| pine | indilchi | gyàn-ε | destsín | ||
| porcupine | tsee | t’sì | dă’sáni | ||
| quill | t’còy | baghá | |||
| rabbit | k’â | ga gyà | gă | ||
| rain | nágoltîn | tcà | niłtsá’ | ||
| red | lichí | k’wóz | łichí | ||
| river | tû-slân-hunli | dès | tooh ńlínígíí | ||
| roast (v) | bέł
t’sέθ |
sǐt’égo | |||
| rock, flint | tθέ | tsétl’eł | |||
| root | xai, yày-έ | ‘akétł’óól | |||
| rope | ťłoł t’łoł | t’łúlε | tl’ōl | ||
| rot (v) | djὲr | diłdzííd | |||
| salt | inshi | ðài | áshî | ||
| sand | kl’ésh | θài | sai | ||
| scrape hair | djὲ | akháł yíshē | |||
| scraper | (ʼn)γwòł
(n)ywòł |
bee ‘aldzéhí | |||
| sheep | debe tepe | debé | |||
| shoes | k’énkl’îzé | ké | |||
| shoot(bow | ka’beche-diltûo | tàs | dishł’ó | ||
| shore | thaba thapa | tabaah | |||
| sinew | ťθέ | ats’íd | |||
| sing | -djən | hatqáł | |||
| sit down | zestágo | nìdái -dài‘ | nishdaah | ||
| skin | ðəð | ‘akági | |||
| skunk | nooltsee
nùltsį |
wǒlízhi | |||
| small | alchisé | yázhí | |||
| sky | yâ | ? | ya ya | yà | yă |
| smoke | jlît | łit łét | łər | łĭd | |
| snake | nádu’ðεh | nat’áni | |||
| snare | bìł | bewúdlěhe | |||
| snow | tzôs t’ô | yàθ | yás (zǎs) | ||
| snowshoe | ‘ài’ ‘ài’ | yasíkhe | |||
| son | shi-jarje | yé’ yé‘ | siγ/yεse | yé’ | |
| south | sitûc-zindédi | nàsì | shádi’aah | ||
| spear | θùθ tθúł | tsii’détáán | |||
| spoon | pê-tônne | łùs | adé (bésh’idē) | ||
| springtime | t’án-go | łùk’έ | dā | ||
| spruce | t’sù | chŏ’ká | |||
| stick | tsin tcèn | tcìn | tsĭn | ||
| stranger | indá | xástànε
xáztànε |
‘eyóní | ||
| stone | tzé | tsĕ tsě | tθέ | tsě | |
| string | t’łùł | tł’óółts’ósí | |||
| sugar | kl’ík’ânné | ‘áshiih łikan | |||
| sun | chígo-na-ay | ca sa | sà | shă | |
| swamp | bi-tû-sik’ãn | ‘ὲl- | |||
| swan | gagoos
gyàgwòs |
yáhazhjōl | |||
| sweet | łakan | kàn | lakhán | ||
| table | bik’átánni | bikáá’adání | |||
| tail | itzé’ | tse tcé | tcέ | bitsé | |
| talk | yâ-iti | yáshti’ | |||
| tear | datǔnalí | ‘iidlaad | |||
| tent | k’olk’âykungûa | nìbálè
nìbálè |
níbaal | ||
| there | ‘èyèr | ‘aadi | |||
| three | tha tha | tàyè, tà | tgā’ | ||
| throat | shi-táye | kàs-έ
k’às-έ |
ădáyĭ’ | ||
| tongue | sizzat | tθù
tθù, setsú |
ǎtsó | ||
| trail, road | ittin | thin | tənε
tən-ὲ |
‘atiin | |
| trap | ?εłdzùzì | beeljízhi | |||
| twilight | hòbà hòbà | nahootsooi | |||
| two | nagíu | nákὲ | nākhí | ||
| water | tà | taǒ | |||
| weasel | łechkalé
tὲlk’àłì |
dlú’i | |||
| west | chígo-na-áy-onatáya | yadá | ‘e’e’aah | ||
| white | lek’ay | gài | łagaí | ||
| wife | ad, | t’sέyànέ | asdzáni | ||
| wing | bit’á t’sə | ǎsts’ín | |||
| winter | huestango | xàyε xàyὲ | qaǐ | ||
| wolf | bâ-chu | nunneesa,
nùnìyὲ |
m’a’itso | ||
| woman | ts’έkuyi | t’sέkùyì | asdzáni | ||
| year | kl’égôntza | náqai | |||
| yellow | litzoe | tθòy | łitso | ||
|
* Condie says Bourke’s jl, thl, th, etc., is modern ł, while glottalized consonants were subscript 2, and n or supra n as nasalized vowels. # Li 1946 & archives.ucalgary.ca/private/cookcardlist_a. |
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