Over the past year, the Central African Republic (CAR), a small but resource-rich country of 4.6 million inhabitants, has descended into sectarian violence. This violence has already claimed the lives of thousands and displaced over a million. Of particular concern is the country’s Muslim minority who are increasingly being driven out of Christian-dominated and urban areas, in a situation which risks descending into a de facto ethno-religious cleansing and division of the country along religious lines. This report analyzes the background and causes of this violence, and examines the risks facing the Muslim minority population of CAR. It concludes with recommendations to the All-Party Parliamentary Group for the Prevention of Genocide and Other Crimes against Humanity.